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1 preferred alternative
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > preferred alternative
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2 preferred alternative
Математика: предпочтительная альтернатива -
3 preferred alternative
English-Russian scientific dictionary > preferred alternative
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4 preferred alternative
The English-Russian dictionary on reliability and quality control > preferred alternative
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5 preferred
1. прил.1) общ. предпочтительный, предпочитаемыйSee:2)а) фин. привилегированный (о ценных бумагах с преимущественным правом на получение дивидендного дохода и преимущественным правом требования на активы эмитента в случае его банкротства; о дивидендах, капитале и т. д., связанных с такими ценными бумагами)Preferred Securities are fixed income securities.
See:б) эк., юр. привилегированный (о кредиторах, имеющих предпочтительное право требования на активы должника перед другими кредиторами данного должника; также о самих долгах с предпочтительным правом требования)preferred debt — долг, погашаемый в первую очередь; долг с первоочередным правом требования на активы должника
See:2. сущ.фин., преим. мн. = preferred share...Some preferred shares may pay dividends into perpetuity (perpetual preferreds) or may have a maturity (redemption) date. — Некоторые привилегированные акции могут приносить дивидендный доход постоянно (бессрочные привилегированные акции) или могут иметь конкретную дату погашения (выкупа).
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6 alternative
1) вариант, альтернатива||альтернативный -
7 PA
1) Общая лексика: portable audio, passport agency, персональный ассистент, личный помощник (personal assistant)2) Компьютерная техника: Precision Architecture3) Биология: protective agent4) Медицина: posterior-anterior5) Американизм: Palestinian Authority, Past Action, People Authority, Personal Assassin, Post Apocalyptic, Process The Acronym, Public Address7) Латинский язык: physiotherapy aid8) Военный термин: Performance Accountability, Personal Authority, Physician Assistant, Picatinny Arsenal (СВ), Powered Armor, Precautionary Approach, Probability of Arrival, Processing Activities, Procurement Agency, Procurement Army, Procurement, Army, Product Assurance, Public Affairs, Pulse Amplitude, pack artillery, participating activity, patient, patrol aircraft, pattern analysis, penetration aircraft, permanent appointment, personal affairs, personal assistant, personnel allocation, phased antenna, physician's assistant, pilot's associate, point of aim, port agency, position area, position of assembly, post adjutant, practice ammunition, preavailability, prelaunch area, preliminary acceptance, primary armament, probability of acceptance, procurement appropriations, program account, program administrator, program analyst, program assessment, program authorization, project administration, proper authority, property administrator, proponent agency, protected area, prototype aircraft, provision allowance, purchasing authority, ЭКЛ, электронный ассистент лётчика, электронный консультант лётчика, электронный помощник лётчика9) Техника: page address, paging amplifier, parametric amplifier, particular average, performance analysis, personnel area, phase angle, phosphorus per acre, phthalic anhydride, physiotherapy aid, picric acid, polarizer-analyzer, polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, position approximate, postulated accident, power amplification, preamble, precomputed altitude, preliminary amplifier, present altitude, pressure alarm, primary air, probability of acceptance, process average, processor architecture, procurement authorization, production association, program address, program authority, protected area, protective agent, pseudoatom, pulse amplifier, pulse amplitude, purge alarm10) Шутливое выражение: Palestinian Assassins, Pathetic Australian, Pokey Award11) Химия: Protactinium, Proton Affinity, ПА, Pro Analyse (чистый для анализа)12) Математика: вероятностный автомат (probabilistic automaton)13) Британский английский: личный секретарь (he is my PA)14) Железнодорожный термин: Physicians Assistant15) Юридический термин: Personnel Administration, Polar Angle, Prevention Advocate, Private Action, Public Act16) Бухгалтерия: Pre Approved, Public Administration, personal allowance17) Автомобильный термин: power antenna, pressure air (Honda)18) Биржевой термин: Portfolio Artifact19) Грубое выражение: Pigs Arse, Piss Ant, Pissed Asshole, Pretty Arse, Private Actress20) География: штат Пенсильвания, США (Pennsylvania)21) Кино: Parental Advisory22) Музыка: сценическое звуковое оборудование23) Телевидение: pulse amplifier24) Телекоммуникации: Pointer Adjustment, Preamble (LAN)25) Сокращение: Panama, Paraguay (NATO country code), Pennsylvania (US state), Per Annum, Phased Array, Play Aid, Power of Attorney, Preparing Activity, Press Agent, Press Association, Limited, Private Account, Publishers Association, Punjabi, passenger agent, prearm, price and availability, procurement authorization, purchasing agent, Program Access, Program Attention, particular average loss, posteroanterior, pulmonary artery, Pennsylvania (штат Пенсильвания (США)), Bureau of Public Affairs, Pakistan Army, Pale Ale, Palermo, Sicilia (Italian province), Palestinian Authority, Pali (linguistics), Palo Alto (California), Pan Am (airline), Panama, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Paniagua y Asociados (Guatemala, consulting agency), Pantothenic Acid, Paper Advance, Para (Brazil), Paraguay, Paralegal, Paralyzed Age (band), Paramedic's Assistant, Parapsychological Association, Inc (Petaluma, California), Parental Advisory, Parents Association, Parliamentary Assistant (Ontario Government), Parti de l'Action (French: Action Party, Morocco), Partial Agreement, Participatory Appraisal, Particle Accelerator, Partido Arnulfista (Arnulfista Party, Panama), Partner Association, Party Animal, Pass Along, Pass-through Applications, Passenger Address, Passenger Announcement (airlines), Pastoral Administrator, Pastoral Assistant, Pathologists' Assistant, Patients Association (UK), Patronato Antialcoho'lico (Guatemala), Paulus Apostolus (Apostol Paul), Pax Americana, Pay Attention, Paying Agent, Payload Accommodations, Payroll Area, Peace Agreement, Peace Arch (US/Canada border), Peano Arithmetics, Peer Advisor, Pending Availability, Pennsylvania (US postal abbreviation), Penny Arcade (comic strip), Pension Adjustment, People's Alliance, People's Association (Singapore), Pepper-Ann (TV show), Perfect Attack (gaming, Dance Dance Revolution), Perfect Attendance, Perforate Artery (Darke Age of Camelot game), Performance Appraisal, Performance Assurance, Performing Activity (CEFMS), Permit Authority, Persistent Asthma, Persisting to an Older Age, Personal Accident (insurance), Personal Adviser, Personal Agent, Personal Alarm, Personal Appearance, Personalausweis (German: identity card), Personnel Action, Perverted Ass, Perverts Anonymous, Philippine Army, Phillips Academy (Andover), Photoinduced Absorption, Physical Abuse/Assault, Physical Affair, Physician's Association, Picatinny Arsenal, Pierce Armor (Age of Kings game), Pilote Automatique (French: Autopilot), Pinkerton Academy (New Hampshire), Planet of the Apes (movie), Planetarion (online game), Planning Authority, Plant Air, Plate Appearance (Baseball), Platinum Aero (band), Playahead (Internet community), Plaza Automotriz (Guatemala car dealer), Plein Air (Quebec), Point A, Point Analysis, Points Against, Poke'mon Aaah! (website), Police Academy, Policy Analyst, Political Affairs (journal of the Communist Party of the United States of America), Political Agent (Pakistan), Polk Audio, Pollution Abatement, Polyacryl, Pooling Administrator, Port Adapter (Cisco), Port Angeles (Washington), Port Authority (of NY and NJ), Porte-Avions (French, aircraft carrier), Position Adaptivity, Position Angle (astronomy), Post-Apocalyptic, Posterior Anterior (radiology), Power Act (gaming), Power Automation, Pre-Arbitrated, Pre-Auditing, Precision Approach (avionics), Precision Attack, Prednisolone Acetate (eye medication; usually followed by %), Preferred Address, Preferred Alternative, Premier Agendas, Inc. (US), Preplaced-Aggregate (concrete), Press Association (British National News Agency), Pressure Alarm, Pressure Altitude, Preventative Action, Prince Albert (Canada), Princess Anne (high school in Virginia Beach, Virginia), Principal Administrator, Prior Authorization (Pharmacy Benefits), Privacy Act, Privacy Advocate, Privatization Agency, Problem Analysis, Process Allocator, Process Analysis, Process Area, Processing Activities, Procurement Aide/Assistant, Producing Ability (breeding), Product Accumulate (linear code), Production Acceptance, Production Agency, Production Assistant, Produktaansprakelijkheid (Dutch: product responsibility), Professional Association, Professional Audio System, Professor's Assistant, Program Account/Allocation, Program Announcement, Program Assistant, Programmatic Agreement (USACE), Programmed Amount (USACE), Programmer/Analyst, Programming Assistant (campus residential officer), Progressa\PAo Aritme'tica, Prohibited Areas, Project Administrator, Project Agreement, Project Analyst, Project Architect, Project Arrangement, Project Audit, Project Authorization, Propionic Acidemia, Prosecution Attorney, Protected Area (conservation), Protective Antigen (microbiology), Protocol Analyzer, Proton Affinity, Proxy Agreement, Prune Agar, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria), Psoriatic Arthritis, Psychoanalysis, Public Accounting, Public Administration, Public Aid (Medicaid), Public Announcement, Public Appearance, Public Assistance, Public Attorney, Public Audio, Publish America (book publisher), Punk Ass, Purchasing Aide/Assistant, Put Away, Putt and Approach (disc golf)26) Университет: Papers Applied, Partial Accreditation, Performing Arts, Psychology Annex27) Физиология: Passive Aggressive, Pernicious Anemia, Physician's Assistant, Posterio Anterior, Postero Anterior, Pulmonary Artery28) Электроника: Power Adaptor, Preamplifier29) Вычислительная техника: Play Aid, Power of Attorney, Precision Architecture, Press Agent, Private Account, Purchasing Agent, printer agent, program address, Precision Architecture (HP)30) Нефть: pressure drop per annulus section, Пильтун-Астохское месторождение, анализ технических характеристик (performance analysis), среднее качество изделий при данном процессе изготовления31) Стоматология: PA mode, photoablative mode, режим фотоабляции, фотоабляция32) Картография: position approximate33) Банковское дело: аудитор (public accountant), присяжный бухгалтер (public accountant)34) Биотехнология: photoactivatable35) Организация производства: provisional acceptance, временная приёмка36) Фирменный знак: Physical Agents, Professional Association37) Экология: preferential adsorption38) СМИ: Performance Audio40) Бурение: Piltun-Astokhskoye41) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Piltun-Astokhskoye field, Plug and abandoned, peak amplitude, plugged and abandoned, procurement assistance, public address42) Менеджмент: product assurance43) Образование: Paranoids Anonymous, Performance Assessment, Phonemic Awareness, Pretty Average, Public Accountant44) Инвестиции: public accountant45) Сетевые технологии: Port Adapter, performance analysis, анализ производительности, анализ рабочих характеристик46) Полимеры: phthalic anhydride, polyacrylate, polyamide, pressure absolute47) Программирование: Printable Ascii48) Автоматика: pressure angle49) Контроль качества: process average51) Сахалин Р: Piltun Astokhskoye, Piltun-Astokhskoye, public address system52) Химическое оружие: Picatinny Arsenal [NJ], Procurement Appropriation, Public affairs, performance analyzer, performance assessment, pinacolyl alcohol, pinacolyn alcohol, preliminary assessment, program analyzer, programmed amount, Public address (system)53) Авиационная медицина: perceptual asymmetry54) Безопасность: Privacy Act55) Нефть и газ: plant air, proportional band calculation value56) Военно-политический термин: Division of Political Affairs57) США: Pennsylvania58) Имена и фамилии: Prince Albert59) Общественная организация: Peace Action, Push America60) Должность: Per Annum, Performance Artist, Personal Accident, Personal Assistant, Personal Author, Physical Aptitude, Production Assistant, Psychological Associate61) Правительство: Palo Alto, California, Punta Arenas62) Федеральное бюро расследований: Privacy Act of 1974 -
8 Pa
1) Общая лексика: portable audio, passport agency, персональный ассистент, личный помощник (personal assistant)2) Компьютерная техника: Precision Architecture3) Биология: protective agent4) Медицина: posterior-anterior5) Американизм: Palestinian Authority, Past Action, People Authority, Personal Assassin, Post Apocalyptic, Process The Acronym, Public Address7) Латинский язык: physiotherapy aid8) Военный термин: Performance Accountability, Personal Authority, Physician Assistant, Picatinny Arsenal (СВ), Powered Armor, Precautionary Approach, Probability of Arrival, Processing Activities, Procurement Agency, Procurement Army, Procurement, Army, Product Assurance, Public Affairs, Pulse Amplitude, pack artillery, participating activity, patient, patrol aircraft, pattern analysis, penetration aircraft, permanent appointment, personal affairs, personal assistant, personnel allocation, phased antenna, physician's assistant, pilot's associate, point of aim, port agency, position area, position of assembly, post adjutant, practice ammunition, preavailability, prelaunch area, preliminary acceptance, primary armament, probability of acceptance, procurement appropriations, program account, program administrator, program analyst, program assessment, program authorization, project administration, proper authority, property administrator, proponent agency, protected area, prototype aircraft, provision allowance, purchasing authority, ЭКЛ, электронный ассистент лётчика, электронный консультант лётчика, электронный помощник лётчика9) Техника: page address, paging amplifier, parametric amplifier, particular average, performance analysis, personnel area, phase angle, phosphorus per acre, phthalic anhydride, physiotherapy aid, picric acid, polarizer-analyzer, polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, position approximate, postulated accident, power amplification, preamble, precomputed altitude, preliminary amplifier, present altitude, pressure alarm, primary air, probability of acceptance, process average, processor architecture, procurement authorization, production association, program address, program authority, protected area, protective agent, pseudoatom, pulse amplifier, pulse amplitude, purge alarm10) Шутливое выражение: Palestinian Assassins, Pathetic Australian, Pokey Award11) Химия: Protactinium, Proton Affinity, ПА, Pro Analyse (чистый для анализа)12) Математика: вероятностный автомат (probabilistic automaton)13) Британский английский: личный секретарь (he is my PA)14) Железнодорожный термин: Physicians Assistant15) Юридический термин: Personnel Administration, Polar Angle, Prevention Advocate, Private Action, Public Act16) Бухгалтерия: Pre Approved, Public Administration, personal allowance17) Автомобильный термин: power antenna, pressure air (Honda)18) Биржевой термин: Portfolio Artifact19) Грубое выражение: Pigs Arse, Piss Ant, Pissed Asshole, Pretty Arse, Private Actress20) География: штат Пенсильвания, США (Pennsylvania)21) Кино: Parental Advisory22) Музыка: сценическое звуковое оборудование23) Телевидение: pulse amplifier24) Телекоммуникации: Pointer Adjustment, Preamble (LAN)25) Сокращение: Panama, Paraguay (NATO country code), Pennsylvania (US state), Per Annum, Phased Array, Play Aid, Power of Attorney, Preparing Activity, Press Agent, Press Association, Limited, Private Account, Publishers Association, Punjabi, passenger agent, prearm, price and availability, procurement authorization, purchasing agent, Program Access, Program Attention, particular average loss, posteroanterior, pulmonary artery, Pennsylvania (штат Пенсильвания (США)), Bureau of Public Affairs, Pakistan Army, Pale Ale, Palermo, Sicilia (Italian province), Palestinian Authority, Pali (linguistics), Palo Alto (California), Pan Am (airline), Panama, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Paniagua y Asociados (Guatemala, consulting agency), Pantothenic Acid, Paper Advance, Para (Brazil), Paraguay, Paralegal, Paralyzed Age (band), Paramedic's Assistant, Parapsychological Association, Inc (Petaluma, California), Parental Advisory, Parents Association, Parliamentary Assistant (Ontario Government), Parti de l'Action (French: Action Party, Morocco), Partial Agreement, Participatory Appraisal, Particle Accelerator, Partido Arnulfista (Arnulfista Party, Panama), Partner Association, Party Animal, Pass Along, Pass-through Applications, Passenger Address, Passenger Announcement (airlines), Pastoral Administrator, Pastoral Assistant, Pathologists' Assistant, Patients Association (UK), Patronato Antialcoho'lico (Guatemala), Paulus Apostolus (Apostol Paul), Pax Americana, Pay Attention, Paying Agent, Payload Accommodations, Payroll Area, Peace Agreement, Peace Arch (US/Canada border), Peano Arithmetics, Peer Advisor, Pending Availability, Pennsylvania (US postal abbreviation), Penny Arcade (comic strip), Pension Adjustment, People's Alliance, People's Association (Singapore), Pepper-Ann (TV show), Perfect Attack (gaming, Dance Dance Revolution), Perfect Attendance, Perforate Artery (Darke Age of Camelot game), Performance Appraisal, Performance Assurance, Performing Activity (CEFMS), Permit Authority, Persistent Asthma, Persisting to an Older Age, Personal Accident (insurance), Personal Adviser, Personal Agent, Personal Alarm, Personal Appearance, Personalausweis (German: identity card), Personnel Action, Perverted Ass, Perverts Anonymous, Philippine Army, Phillips Academy (Andover), Photoinduced Absorption, Physical Abuse/Assault, Physical Affair, Physician's Association, Picatinny Arsenal, Pierce Armor (Age of Kings game), Pilote Automatique (French: Autopilot), Pinkerton Academy (New Hampshire), Planet of the Apes (movie), Planetarion (online game), Planning Authority, Plant Air, Plate Appearance (Baseball), Platinum Aero (band), Playahead (Internet community), Plaza Automotriz (Guatemala car dealer), Plein Air (Quebec), Point A, Point Analysis, Points Against, Poke'mon Aaah! (website), Police Academy, Policy Analyst, Political Affairs (journal of the Communist Party of the United States of America), Political Agent (Pakistan), Polk Audio, Pollution Abatement, Polyacryl, Pooling Administrator, Port Adapter (Cisco), Port Angeles (Washington), Port Authority (of NY and NJ), Porte-Avions (French, aircraft carrier), Position Adaptivity, Position Angle (astronomy), Post-Apocalyptic, Posterior Anterior (radiology), Power Act (gaming), Power Automation, Pre-Arbitrated, Pre-Auditing, Precision Approach (avionics), Precision Attack, Prednisolone Acetate (eye medication; usually followed by %), Preferred Address, Preferred Alternative, Premier Agendas, Inc. (US), Preplaced-Aggregate (concrete), Press Association (British National News Agency), Pressure Alarm, Pressure Altitude, Preventative Action, Prince Albert (Canada), Princess Anne (high school in Virginia Beach, Virginia), Principal Administrator, Prior Authorization (Pharmacy Benefits), Privacy Act, Privacy Advocate, Privatization Agency, Problem Analysis, Process Allocator, Process Analysis, Process Area, Processing Activities, Procurement Aide/Assistant, Producing Ability (breeding), Product Accumulate (linear code), Production Acceptance, Production Agency, Production Assistant, Produktaansprakelijkheid (Dutch: product responsibility), Professional Association, Professional Audio System, Professor's Assistant, Program Account/Allocation, Program Announcement, Program Assistant, Programmatic Agreement (USACE), Programmed Amount (USACE), Programmer/Analyst, Programming Assistant (campus residential officer), Progressa\PAo Aritme'tica, Prohibited Areas, Project Administrator, Project Agreement, Project Analyst, Project Architect, Project Arrangement, Project Audit, Project Authorization, Propionic Acidemia, Prosecution Attorney, Protected Area (conservation), Protective Antigen (microbiology), Protocol Analyzer, Proton Affinity, Proxy Agreement, Prune Agar, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria), Psoriatic Arthritis, Psychoanalysis, Public Accounting, Public Administration, Public Aid (Medicaid), Public Announcement, Public Appearance, Public Assistance, Public Attorney, Public Audio, Publish America (book publisher), Punk Ass, Purchasing Aide/Assistant, Put Away, Putt and Approach (disc golf)26) Университет: Papers Applied, Partial Accreditation, Performing Arts, Psychology Annex27) Физиология: Passive Aggressive, Pernicious Anemia, Physician's Assistant, Posterio Anterior, Postero Anterior, Pulmonary Artery28) Электроника: Power Adaptor, Preamplifier29) Вычислительная техника: Play Aid, Power of Attorney, Precision Architecture, Press Agent, Private Account, Purchasing Agent, printer agent, program address, Precision Architecture (HP)30) Нефть: pressure drop per annulus section, Пильтун-Астохское месторождение, анализ технических характеристик (performance analysis), среднее качество изделий при данном процессе изготовления31) Стоматология: PA mode, photoablative mode, режим фотоабляции, фотоабляция32) Картография: position approximate33) Банковское дело: аудитор (public accountant), присяжный бухгалтер (public accountant)34) Биотехнология: photoactivatable35) Организация производства: provisional acceptance, временная приёмка36) Фирменный знак: Physical Agents, Professional Association37) Экология: preferential adsorption38) СМИ: Performance Audio40) Бурение: Piltun-Astokhskoye41) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Piltun-Astokhskoye field, Plug and abandoned, peak amplitude, plugged and abandoned, procurement assistance, public address42) Менеджмент: product assurance43) Образование: Paranoids Anonymous, Performance Assessment, Phonemic Awareness, Pretty Average, Public Accountant44) Инвестиции: public accountant45) Сетевые технологии: Port Adapter, performance analysis, анализ производительности, анализ рабочих характеристик46) Полимеры: phthalic anhydride, polyacrylate, polyamide, pressure absolute47) Программирование: Printable Ascii48) Автоматика: pressure angle49) Контроль качества: process average51) Сахалин Р: Piltun Astokhskoye, Piltun-Astokhskoye, public address system52) Химическое оружие: Picatinny Arsenal [NJ], Procurement Appropriation, Public affairs, performance analyzer, performance assessment, pinacolyl alcohol, pinacolyn alcohol, preliminary assessment, program analyzer, programmed amount, Public address (system)53) Авиационная медицина: perceptual asymmetry54) Безопасность: Privacy Act55) Нефть и газ: plant air, proportional band calculation value56) Военно-политический термин: Division of Political Affairs57) США: Pennsylvania58) Имена и фамилии: Prince Albert59) Общественная организация: Peace Action, Push America60) Должность: Per Annum, Performance Artist, Personal Accident, Personal Assistant, Personal Author, Physical Aptitude, Production Assistant, Psychological Associate61) Правительство: Palo Alto, California, Punta Arenas62) Федеральное бюро расследований: Privacy Act of 1974 -
9 pA
1) Общая лексика: portable audio, passport agency, персональный ассистент, личный помощник (personal assistant)2) Компьютерная техника: Precision Architecture3) Биология: protective agent4) Медицина: posterior-anterior5) Американизм: Palestinian Authority, Past Action, People Authority, Personal Assassin, Post Apocalyptic, Process The Acronym, Public Address7) Латинский язык: physiotherapy aid8) Военный термин: Performance Accountability, Personal Authority, Physician Assistant, Picatinny Arsenal (СВ), Powered Armor, Precautionary Approach, Probability of Arrival, Processing Activities, Procurement Agency, Procurement Army, Procurement, Army, Product Assurance, Public Affairs, Pulse Amplitude, pack artillery, participating activity, patient, patrol aircraft, pattern analysis, penetration aircraft, permanent appointment, personal affairs, personal assistant, personnel allocation, phased antenna, physician's assistant, pilot's associate, point of aim, port agency, position area, position of assembly, post adjutant, practice ammunition, preavailability, prelaunch area, preliminary acceptance, primary armament, probability of acceptance, procurement appropriations, program account, program administrator, program analyst, program assessment, program authorization, project administration, proper authority, property administrator, proponent agency, protected area, prototype aircraft, provision allowance, purchasing authority, ЭКЛ, электронный ассистент лётчика, электронный консультант лётчика, электронный помощник лётчика9) Техника: page address, paging amplifier, parametric amplifier, particular average, performance analysis, personnel area, phase angle, phosphorus per acre, phthalic anhydride, physiotherapy aid, picric acid, polarizer-analyzer, polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, position approximate, postulated accident, power amplification, preamble, precomputed altitude, preliminary amplifier, present altitude, pressure alarm, primary air, probability of acceptance, process average, processor architecture, procurement authorization, production association, program address, program authority, protected area, protective agent, pseudoatom, pulse amplifier, pulse amplitude, purge alarm10) Шутливое выражение: Palestinian Assassins, Pathetic Australian, Pokey Award11) Химия: Protactinium, Proton Affinity, ПА, Pro Analyse (чистый для анализа)12) Математика: вероятностный автомат (probabilistic automaton)13) Британский английский: личный секретарь (he is my PA)14) Железнодорожный термин: Physicians Assistant15) Юридический термин: Personnel Administration, Polar Angle, Prevention Advocate, Private Action, Public Act16) Бухгалтерия: Pre Approved, Public Administration, personal allowance17) Автомобильный термин: power antenna, pressure air (Honda)18) Биржевой термин: Portfolio Artifact19) Грубое выражение: Pigs Arse, Piss Ant, Pissed Asshole, Pretty Arse, Private Actress20) География: штат Пенсильвания, США (Pennsylvania)21) Кино: Parental Advisory22) Музыка: сценическое звуковое оборудование23) Телевидение: pulse amplifier24) Телекоммуникации: Pointer Adjustment, Preamble (LAN)25) Сокращение: Panama, Paraguay (NATO country code), Pennsylvania (US state), Per Annum, Phased Array, Play Aid, Power of Attorney, Preparing Activity, Press Agent, Press Association, Limited, Private Account, Publishers Association, Punjabi, passenger agent, prearm, price and availability, procurement authorization, purchasing agent, Program Access, Program Attention, particular average loss, posteroanterior, pulmonary artery, Pennsylvania (штат Пенсильвания (США)), Bureau of Public Affairs, Pakistan Army, Pale Ale, Palermo, Sicilia (Italian province), Palestinian Authority, Pali (linguistics), Palo Alto (California), Pan Am (airline), Panama, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Paniagua y Asociados (Guatemala, consulting agency), Pantothenic Acid, Paper Advance, Para (Brazil), Paraguay, Paralegal, Paralyzed Age (band), Paramedic's Assistant, Parapsychological Association, Inc (Petaluma, California), Parental Advisory, Parents Association, Parliamentary Assistant (Ontario Government), Parti de l'Action (French: Action Party, Morocco), Partial Agreement, Participatory Appraisal, Particle Accelerator, Partido Arnulfista (Arnulfista Party, Panama), Partner Association, Party Animal, Pass Along, Pass-through Applications, Passenger Address, Passenger Announcement (airlines), Pastoral Administrator, Pastoral Assistant, Pathologists' Assistant, Patients Association (UK), Patronato Antialcoho'lico (Guatemala), Paulus Apostolus (Apostol Paul), Pax Americana, Pay Attention, Paying Agent, Payload Accommodations, Payroll Area, Peace Agreement, Peace Arch (US/Canada border), Peano Arithmetics, Peer Advisor, Pending Availability, Pennsylvania (US postal abbreviation), Penny Arcade (comic strip), Pension Adjustment, People's Alliance, People's Association (Singapore), Pepper-Ann (TV show), Perfect Attack (gaming, Dance Dance Revolution), Perfect Attendance, Perforate Artery (Darke Age of Camelot game), Performance Appraisal, Performance Assurance, Performing Activity (CEFMS), Permit Authority, Persistent Asthma, Persisting to an Older Age, Personal Accident (insurance), Personal Adviser, Personal Agent, Personal Alarm, Personal Appearance, Personalausweis (German: identity card), Personnel Action, Perverted Ass, Perverts Anonymous, Philippine Army, Phillips Academy (Andover), Photoinduced Absorption, Physical Abuse/Assault, Physical Affair, Physician's Association, Picatinny Arsenal, Pierce Armor (Age of Kings game), Pilote Automatique (French: Autopilot), Pinkerton Academy (New Hampshire), Planet of the Apes (movie), Planetarion (online game), Planning Authority, Plant Air, Plate Appearance (Baseball), Platinum Aero (band), Playahead (Internet community), Plaza Automotriz (Guatemala car dealer), Plein Air (Quebec), Point A, Point Analysis, Points Against, Poke'mon Aaah! (website), Police Academy, Policy Analyst, Political Affairs (journal of the Communist Party of the United States of America), Political Agent (Pakistan), Polk Audio, Pollution Abatement, Polyacryl, Pooling Administrator, Port Adapter (Cisco), Port Angeles (Washington), Port Authority (of NY and NJ), Porte-Avions (French, aircraft carrier), Position Adaptivity, Position Angle (astronomy), Post-Apocalyptic, Posterior Anterior (radiology), Power Act (gaming), Power Automation, Pre-Arbitrated, Pre-Auditing, Precision Approach (avionics), Precision Attack, Prednisolone Acetate (eye medication; usually followed by %), Preferred Address, Preferred Alternative, Premier Agendas, Inc. (US), Preplaced-Aggregate (concrete), Press Association (British National News Agency), Pressure Alarm, Pressure Altitude, Preventative Action, Prince Albert (Canada), Princess Anne (high school in Virginia Beach, Virginia), Principal Administrator, Prior Authorization (Pharmacy Benefits), Privacy Act, Privacy Advocate, Privatization Agency, Problem Analysis, Process Allocator, Process Analysis, Process Area, Processing Activities, Procurement Aide/Assistant, Producing Ability (breeding), Product Accumulate (linear code), Production Acceptance, Production Agency, Production Assistant, Produktaansprakelijkheid (Dutch: product responsibility), Professional Association, Professional Audio System, Professor's Assistant, Program Account/Allocation, Program Announcement, Program Assistant, Programmatic Agreement (USACE), Programmed Amount (USACE), Programmer/Analyst, Programming Assistant (campus residential officer), Progressa\PAo Aritme'tica, Prohibited Areas, Project Administrator, Project Agreement, Project Analyst, Project Architect, Project Arrangement, Project Audit, Project Authorization, Propionic Acidemia, Prosecution Attorney, Protected Area (conservation), Protective Antigen (microbiology), Protocol Analyzer, Proton Affinity, Proxy Agreement, Prune Agar, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria), Psoriatic Arthritis, Psychoanalysis, Public Accounting, Public Administration, Public Aid (Medicaid), Public Announcement, Public Appearance, Public Assistance, Public Attorney, Public Audio, Publish America (book publisher), Punk Ass, Purchasing Aide/Assistant, Put Away, Putt and Approach (disc golf)26) Университет: Papers Applied, Partial Accreditation, Performing Arts, Psychology Annex27) Физиология: Passive Aggressive, Pernicious Anemia, Physician's Assistant, Posterio Anterior, Postero Anterior, Pulmonary Artery28) Электроника: Power Adaptor, Preamplifier29) Вычислительная техника: Play Aid, Power of Attorney, Precision Architecture, Press Agent, Private Account, Purchasing Agent, printer agent, program address, Precision Architecture (HP)30) Нефть: pressure drop per annulus section, Пильтун-Астохское месторождение, анализ технических характеристик (performance analysis), среднее качество изделий при данном процессе изготовления31) Стоматология: PA mode, photoablative mode, режим фотоабляции, фотоабляция32) Картография: position approximate33) Банковское дело: аудитор (public accountant), присяжный бухгалтер (public accountant)34) Биотехнология: photoactivatable35) Организация производства: provisional acceptance, временная приёмка36) Фирменный знак: Physical Agents, Professional Association37) Экология: preferential adsorption38) СМИ: Performance Audio40) Бурение: Piltun-Astokhskoye41) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Piltun-Astokhskoye field, Plug and abandoned, peak amplitude, plugged and abandoned, procurement assistance, public address42) Менеджмент: product assurance43) Образование: Paranoids Anonymous, Performance Assessment, Phonemic Awareness, Pretty Average, Public Accountant44) Инвестиции: public accountant45) Сетевые технологии: Port Adapter, performance analysis, анализ производительности, анализ рабочих характеристик46) Полимеры: phthalic anhydride, polyacrylate, polyamide, pressure absolute47) Программирование: Printable Ascii48) Автоматика: pressure angle49) Контроль качества: process average51) Сахалин Р: Piltun Astokhskoye, Piltun-Astokhskoye, public address system52) Химическое оружие: Picatinny Arsenal [NJ], Procurement Appropriation, Public affairs, performance analyzer, performance assessment, pinacolyl alcohol, pinacolyn alcohol, preliminary assessment, program analyzer, programmed amount, Public address (system)53) Авиационная медицина: perceptual asymmetry54) Безопасность: Privacy Act55) Нефть и газ: plant air, proportional band calculation value56) Военно-политический термин: Division of Political Affairs57) США: Pennsylvania58) Имена и фамилии: Prince Albert59) Общественная организация: Peace Action, Push America60) Должность: Per Annum, Performance Artist, Personal Accident, Personal Assistant, Personal Author, Physical Aptitude, Production Assistant, Psychological Associate61) Правительство: Palo Alto, California, Punta Arenas62) Федеральное бюро расследований: Privacy Act of 1974 -
10 pa
1) Общая лексика: portable audio, passport agency, персональный ассистент, личный помощник (personal assistant)2) Компьютерная техника: Precision Architecture3) Биология: protective agent4) Медицина: posterior-anterior5) Американизм: Palestinian Authority, Past Action, People Authority, Personal Assassin, Post Apocalyptic, Process The Acronym, Public Address7) Латинский язык: physiotherapy aid8) Военный термин: Performance Accountability, Personal Authority, Physician Assistant, Picatinny Arsenal (СВ), Powered Armor, Precautionary Approach, Probability of Arrival, Processing Activities, Procurement Agency, Procurement Army, Procurement, Army, Product Assurance, Public Affairs, Pulse Amplitude, pack artillery, participating activity, patient, patrol aircraft, pattern analysis, penetration aircraft, permanent appointment, personal affairs, personal assistant, personnel allocation, phased antenna, physician's assistant, pilot's associate, point of aim, port agency, position area, position of assembly, post adjutant, practice ammunition, preavailability, prelaunch area, preliminary acceptance, primary armament, probability of acceptance, procurement appropriations, program account, program administrator, program analyst, program assessment, program authorization, project administration, proper authority, property administrator, proponent agency, protected area, prototype aircraft, provision allowance, purchasing authority, ЭКЛ, электронный ассистент лётчика, электронный консультант лётчика, электронный помощник лётчика9) Техника: page address, paging amplifier, parametric amplifier, particular average, performance analysis, personnel area, phase angle, phosphorus per acre, phthalic anhydride, physiotherapy aid, picric acid, polarizer-analyzer, polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, position approximate, postulated accident, power amplification, preamble, precomputed altitude, preliminary amplifier, present altitude, pressure alarm, primary air, probability of acceptance, process average, processor architecture, procurement authorization, production association, program address, program authority, protected area, protective agent, pseudoatom, pulse amplifier, pulse amplitude, purge alarm10) Шутливое выражение: Palestinian Assassins, Pathetic Australian, Pokey Award11) Химия: Protactinium, Proton Affinity, ПА, Pro Analyse (чистый для анализа)12) Математика: вероятностный автомат (probabilistic automaton)13) Британский английский: личный секретарь (he is my PA)14) Железнодорожный термин: Physicians Assistant15) Юридический термин: Personnel Administration, Polar Angle, Prevention Advocate, Private Action, Public Act16) Бухгалтерия: Pre Approved, Public Administration, personal allowance17) Автомобильный термин: power antenna, pressure air (Honda)18) Биржевой термин: Portfolio Artifact19) Грубое выражение: Pigs Arse, Piss Ant, Pissed Asshole, Pretty Arse, Private Actress20) География: штат Пенсильвания, США (Pennsylvania)21) Кино: Parental Advisory22) Музыка: сценическое звуковое оборудование23) Телевидение: pulse amplifier24) Телекоммуникации: Pointer Adjustment, Preamble (LAN)25) Сокращение: Panama, Paraguay (NATO country code), Pennsylvania (US state), Per Annum, Phased Array, Play Aid, Power of Attorney, Preparing Activity, Press Agent, Press Association, Limited, Private Account, Publishers Association, Punjabi, passenger agent, prearm, price and availability, procurement authorization, purchasing agent, Program Access, Program Attention, particular average loss, posteroanterior, pulmonary artery, Pennsylvania (штат Пенсильвания (США)), Bureau of Public Affairs, Pakistan Army, Pale Ale, Palermo, Sicilia (Italian province), Palestinian Authority, Pali (linguistics), Palo Alto (California), Pan Am (airline), Panama, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Paniagua y Asociados (Guatemala, consulting agency), Pantothenic Acid, Paper Advance, Para (Brazil), Paraguay, Paralegal, Paralyzed Age (band), Paramedic's Assistant, Parapsychological Association, Inc (Petaluma, California), Parental Advisory, Parents Association, Parliamentary Assistant (Ontario Government), Parti de l'Action (French: Action Party, Morocco), Partial Agreement, Participatory Appraisal, Particle Accelerator, Partido Arnulfista (Arnulfista Party, Panama), Partner Association, Party Animal, Pass Along, Pass-through Applications, Passenger Address, Passenger Announcement (airlines), Pastoral Administrator, Pastoral Assistant, Pathologists' Assistant, Patients Association (UK), Patronato Antialcoho'lico (Guatemala), Paulus Apostolus (Apostol Paul), Pax Americana, Pay Attention, Paying Agent, Payload Accommodations, Payroll Area, Peace Agreement, Peace Arch (US/Canada border), Peano Arithmetics, Peer Advisor, Pending Availability, Pennsylvania (US postal abbreviation), Penny Arcade (comic strip), Pension Adjustment, People's Alliance, People's Association (Singapore), Pepper-Ann (TV show), Perfect Attack (gaming, Dance Dance Revolution), Perfect Attendance, Perforate Artery (Darke Age of Camelot game), Performance Appraisal, Performance Assurance, Performing Activity (CEFMS), Permit Authority, Persistent Asthma, Persisting to an Older Age, Personal Accident (insurance), Personal Adviser, Personal Agent, Personal Alarm, Personal Appearance, Personalausweis (German: identity card), Personnel Action, Perverted Ass, Perverts Anonymous, Philippine Army, Phillips Academy (Andover), Photoinduced Absorption, Physical Abuse/Assault, Physical Affair, Physician's Association, Picatinny Arsenal, Pierce Armor (Age of Kings game), Pilote Automatique (French: Autopilot), Pinkerton Academy (New Hampshire), Planet of the Apes (movie), Planetarion (online game), Planning Authority, Plant Air, Plate Appearance (Baseball), Platinum Aero (band), Playahead (Internet community), Plaza Automotriz (Guatemala car dealer), Plein Air (Quebec), Point A, Point Analysis, Points Against, Poke'mon Aaah! (website), Police Academy, Policy Analyst, Political Affairs (journal of the Communist Party of the United States of America), Political Agent (Pakistan), Polk Audio, Pollution Abatement, Polyacryl, Pooling Administrator, Port Adapter (Cisco), Port Angeles (Washington), Port Authority (of NY and NJ), Porte-Avions (French, aircraft carrier), Position Adaptivity, Position Angle (astronomy), Post-Apocalyptic, Posterior Anterior (radiology), Power Act (gaming), Power Automation, Pre-Arbitrated, Pre-Auditing, Precision Approach (avionics), Precision Attack, Prednisolone Acetate (eye medication; usually followed by %), Preferred Address, Preferred Alternative, Premier Agendas, Inc. (US), Preplaced-Aggregate (concrete), Press Association (British National News Agency), Pressure Alarm, Pressure Altitude, Preventative Action, Prince Albert (Canada), Princess Anne (high school in Virginia Beach, Virginia), Principal Administrator, Prior Authorization (Pharmacy Benefits), Privacy Act, Privacy Advocate, Privatization Agency, Problem Analysis, Process Allocator, Process Analysis, Process Area, Processing Activities, Procurement Aide/Assistant, Producing Ability (breeding), Product Accumulate (linear code), Production Acceptance, Production Agency, Production Assistant, Produktaansprakelijkheid (Dutch: product responsibility), Professional Association, Professional Audio System, Professor's Assistant, Program Account/Allocation, Program Announcement, Program Assistant, Programmatic Agreement (USACE), Programmed Amount (USACE), Programmer/Analyst, Programming Assistant (campus residential officer), Progressa\PAo Aritme'tica, Prohibited Areas, Project Administrator, Project Agreement, Project Analyst, Project Architect, Project Arrangement, Project Audit, Project Authorization, Propionic Acidemia, Prosecution Attorney, Protected Area (conservation), Protective Antigen (microbiology), Protocol Analyzer, Proton Affinity, Proxy Agreement, Prune Agar, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria), Psoriatic Arthritis, Psychoanalysis, Public Accounting, Public Administration, Public Aid (Medicaid), Public Announcement, Public Appearance, Public Assistance, Public Attorney, Public Audio, Publish America (book publisher), Punk Ass, Purchasing Aide/Assistant, Put Away, Putt and Approach (disc golf)26) Университет: Papers Applied, Partial Accreditation, Performing Arts, Psychology Annex27) Физиология: Passive Aggressive, Pernicious Anemia, Physician's Assistant, Posterio Anterior, Postero Anterior, Pulmonary Artery28) Электроника: Power Adaptor, Preamplifier29) Вычислительная техника: Play Aid, Power of Attorney, Precision Architecture, Press Agent, Private Account, Purchasing Agent, printer agent, program address, Precision Architecture (HP)30) Нефть: pressure drop per annulus section, Пильтун-Астохское месторождение, анализ технических характеристик (performance analysis), среднее качество изделий при данном процессе изготовления31) Стоматология: PA mode, photoablative mode, режим фотоабляции, фотоабляция32) Картография: position approximate33) Банковское дело: аудитор (public accountant), присяжный бухгалтер (public accountant)34) Биотехнология: photoactivatable35) Организация производства: provisional acceptance, временная приёмка36) Фирменный знак: Physical Agents, Professional Association37) Экология: preferential adsorption38) СМИ: Performance Audio40) Бурение: Piltun-Astokhskoye41) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Piltun-Astokhskoye field, Plug and abandoned, peak amplitude, plugged and abandoned, procurement assistance, public address42) Менеджмент: product assurance43) Образование: Paranoids Anonymous, Performance Assessment, Phonemic Awareness, Pretty Average, Public Accountant44) Инвестиции: public accountant45) Сетевые технологии: Port Adapter, performance analysis, анализ производительности, анализ рабочих характеристик46) Полимеры: phthalic anhydride, polyacrylate, polyamide, pressure absolute47) Программирование: Printable Ascii48) Автоматика: pressure angle49) Контроль качества: process average51) Сахалин Р: Piltun Astokhskoye, Piltun-Astokhskoye, public address system52) Химическое оружие: Picatinny Arsenal [NJ], Procurement Appropriation, Public affairs, performance analyzer, performance assessment, pinacolyl alcohol, pinacolyn alcohol, preliminary assessment, program analyzer, programmed amount, Public address (system)53) Авиационная медицина: perceptual asymmetry54) Безопасность: Privacy Act55) Нефть и газ: plant air, proportional band calculation value56) Военно-политический термин: Division of Political Affairs57) США: Pennsylvania58) Имена и фамилии: Prince Albert59) Общественная организация: Peace Action, Push America60) Должность: Per Annum, Performance Artist, Personal Accident, Personal Assistant, Personal Author, Physical Aptitude, Production Assistant, Psychological Associate61) Правительство: Palo Alto, California, Punta Arenas62) Федеральное бюро расследований: Privacy Act of 1974 -
11 предпочтительная альтернатива
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > предпочтительная альтернатива
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12 ARP
1) Авиация: aeronautical recomended practices2) Медицина: antegrade refractory period, absolute refractory period, Рефрактерный период предсердий3) Военный термин: Acquisition Requirements Packages, Air Raid Patrol, Alert Response Plan, Army Readiness Program, Army Research Plan, advance research project, advanced radiation projectile, advanced reentry program, air raid precautions, air raid protection, air refueling probe, air report, air reporting post, alternative release procedures, ammunition refilling point, analytical rework program, antenna radiation pattern, antiradiation projectile, antiriot pistol, area radar plot, attack reference point, automated reporting post4) Техника: accelerated requalification program, adjustable rate preferred stock, airborne radar platform, alarm response procedure, annunciator response procedure, azimuth reference pulse5) Бухгалтерия: Automatic Remittance Processing6) Страхование: Associate in Research and Planning7) Автомобильный термин: Active Rollover Protection (активная защита от опрокидывания /автомобиля/)8) Ветеринария: Animal Research Project9) Телекоммуникации: Access Responsible Party, Address Resolution Protocol (IETF)10) Сокращение: Acidic Ribosomal Protein, Advanced Re-entry Program (USA), Aerial Rotation Period, Air Raid Precautions / Protection, Alternative Release Procedure, American Registry of Pathology, Anti-Radiation Projectile, Arapaho, Armoured Repair Plates, Arthritis Related Protein, aeronautical recommended practice, air-raid precautions11) Университет: Advanced Regents Program12) Вычислительная техника: Address Resolution Protocol, Address Resolution Protocol (Internet, RFC 826)13) Транспорт: Airport Reference Point14) Воздухоплавание: Azimuth Reset Pulse15) Фирменный знак: American Recording Productions16) Экология: Antarctic Research Program17) Деловая лексика: Actual Reduction To Practice, Administrative Remedy Procedure, Advanced Research Program, Aiim Recommended Practice18) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Asset Reference Plan/Planning19) Образование: Accelerated Reader Program, Assertive Referral Program20) Сетевые технологии: Active Resource Program, Arp Resolution Protocol, протокол определения адресов, протокол преобразования адресов, протокол разрешения адресов21) Навигация: antenna reference point22) Интернет: Address Resolution Protocol Протокол разрешения адресов23) Расширение файла: Address Resolution Protocol (Novell)24) Майкрософт: протокол ARP25) Должность: Alternative Retirement Plan26) НАСА: Aerospace Recommended Practice -
13 but
1. conjunction(used to show a contrast between two or more things: John was there, but Peter was not.) pero
2. preposition(except (for): no-one but me; the next road but one.) exceptobut1 conj1. peroI'd like to come to the party, but I can't me gustaría ir a la fiesta, pero no puedo2. sinothe party's not on Saturday, but on Sunday la fiesta no es el sábado, sino el domingobut2 prep salvo / excepto / menostr[bʌt]1 pero■ it's cold, but dry hace frío, pero no llueve■ I'd like to, but I can't me gustaría, pero no puedo2 (after negative) sino■ not two, but three no dos, sino tres3 (after negative with verb) sino que■ she told him not to wait, but to go home le dijo que no se esperara, sino que se fuera para casa1 (nada) más que, no... sino, solamente, sólo,1 excepto, salvo, menos1 pero\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLbut for de no ser por, si no fuera por■ but for him, we would have failed de no ser por él, habríamos fracasadohad I but «+ pp»... si lo + imperf subj...there is nothing for it but to «+ inf» no hay más remedio que + infthe last but one el/la penúltimo,-abut ['bʌt] conj1) that: quethere is no doubt but he is lazy: no cabe duda que sea perezoso2) without: sin que3) nevertheless: pero, no obstante, sin embargoI called her but she didn't answer: la llamé pero no contestó4) yet: perohe was poor but proud: era pobre pero orgullosobut prepexcept: excepto, menoseveryone but Carlos: todos menos Carlosthe last but one: el penúltimoadv.• pero adv.• sino adv.• solamente adv.conj.• ahora conj.• empero conj.• mas conj.• pero conj.• sino conj.n.• objeción s.f.• pero s.m.prep.• excepto prep.
I bʌt, weak form bət1)a) ( however) peroshe was fired, but they were not — la despidieron a ella pero no a ellos
everybody, but everybody knows that — eso no hay nadie que no lo sepa
you're really bugging me but good! — (AmE colloq) qué manera de darme la lata! (fam)
b) ( used for introductory emphasis) perobut what made you say it? — ¿pero por qué lo dijiste?
surely he doesn't believe that? - oh, but he does! — no puede ser que se crea eso - pues sí que se lo cree
c)but then — (as linker) (however, still) pero; ( in that case) pero entonces
but then you never were very ambitious, were you? — pero la verdad es que tú nunca fuiste muy ambicioso ¿no?
I don't want to, but then again I do — no quiero, pero a la vez or al mismo tiempo sí quiero
2)not... but... — no... sino...
it appears that she's not Greek but Albanian — parece que no es griega, sino albanesa
not only did she hit him, but she also... — no sólo le pegó, sino que también...
II
a) ( except)everyone but me — todos menos or excepto or salvo yo
the next street but one — la próxima calle no: la siguiente
there's nothing we can do but wait — no podemos hacer otra cosa sino esperar, lo único que podemos hacer es esperar
b)but for: but for them, we'd have lost everything — de no haber sido or si no hubiera sido por ellos, habríamos perdido todo
III
adverb (frml)
IV bʌtnoun pero m[bʌt]no buts: come here at once! — no hay pero que valga, ven aquí inmediatamente!
1. CONJ1) (contrasting) peroI want to go but I can't afford it — quiero ir, pero no tengo el dinero
but it does move! — ¡pero sí se mueve!
2) (in direct contradiction) sino•
he's not Spanish but Italian — no es español sino italiano•
we never go out but it rains — nunca salimos sin que llueva4) (as linker)•
but then he couldn't have known — por otro lado, no podía saber or haberlo sabidobut then you must be my cousin! — ¡entonces tú debes ser mi primo!
2.ADV (=only) solo, sólo, solamente; (=no more than) no más queIn the past the standard spelling for solo as an adverb was with an accent (sólo). Nowadays the Real Academia Española advises that the accented form is only required where there might otherwise be confusion with the adjective solo.
if I could but speak to him — si solamente or solo pudiese hablar con él
•
you can but try — con intentar no se pierde nada•
all but naked — casi desnudo•
had I but known — de haberlo sabido (yo), si lo hubiera sabido3.PREP (=except) menos, excepto, salvo•
anything but that — cualquier cosa menos eso•
everyone but him — todos menos él•
but for you — si no fuera por ti•
the last but one — el/la penúltimo(-a)•
there is nothing for it but to pay up — no hay más remedio que pagar•
who but she could have said something like that? — ¿quién sino ella podría haber dicho semejante cosa?4.N pero m, objeción f•
no buts about it! — ¡no hay pero que valga!BUT There are three main ways of translating the conjunction but: pero, sino and sino que.come on, no buts, off to bed with you! — ¡vale ya! no hay pero que valga, ¡a la cama!
Contrasting
► To introduce a contrast or a new idea, use pero:
Strange but interesting Extraño pero interesante
I thought he would help me but he refused Creí que me ayudaría, pero se negó ► In informal language, pero can be used at the start of a comment:
But where are you going to put it? Pero ¿dónde lo vas a poner? NOTE: In formal language, s in embargo or no obstante may be preferred:
But, in spite of the likely benefits, he still opposed the idea Sin embargo or No obstante, a pesar de las probables ventajas, todavía se oponía a la idea
Correcting a previous negative
► When but or but rather introduces a noun phrase, prepositional phrase or verb in the infinitive which corrects a previous negative, translate but using sino:
Not wine, but vinegar No vino, sino vinagre
They aren't from Seville, but from Bilbao No son de Sevilla, sino de Bilbao
His trip to London was not to investigate the case but to hush it up Su viaje a Londres no fue para investigar el caso sino para taparlo ► When but or but rather introduces a verb clause (or requires a verb clause in Spanish) which corrects a previous negative, translate using sino que:
He's not asking you to do what he says but (rather) to listen to him No te pide que hagas lo que él dice, sino que le escuches
Not only... but also
► When the but also part of this construction contains ((subject)) + ((verb)), translate using no solo or no sólo or no solamente... sino que también or sino que además:
It will not only cause tension, but it will also damage the economy No solo or No sólo or No solamente provocará tensiones, sino que además or sino que también dañará la economía ► When the but also part does not contain ((subject)) + ((verb)), translate using no solo or no sólo or no solamente... sino también or sino además:
Not only rich but also powerful No solo or No sólo or No solamente rico sino también or sino además poderoso
We don't only want to negotiate but also to take decisions No queremos solo or sóloor solamente negociar, sino también tomar decisiones For further uses and examples, see main entry* * *
I [bʌt], weak form [bət]1)a) ( however) peroshe was fired, but they were not — la despidieron a ella pero no a ellos
everybody, but everybody knows that — eso no hay nadie que no lo sepa
you're really bugging me but good! — (AmE colloq) qué manera de darme la lata! (fam)
b) ( used for introductory emphasis) perobut what made you say it? — ¿pero por qué lo dijiste?
surely he doesn't believe that? - oh, but he does! — no puede ser que se crea eso - pues sí que se lo cree
c)but then — (as linker) (however, still) pero; ( in that case) pero entonces
but then you never were very ambitious, were you? — pero la verdad es que tú nunca fuiste muy ambicioso ¿no?
I don't want to, but then again I do — no quiero, pero a la vez or al mismo tiempo sí quiero
2)not... but... — no... sino...
it appears that she's not Greek but Albanian — parece que no es griega, sino albanesa
not only did she hit him, but she also... — no sólo le pegó, sino que también...
II
a) ( except)everyone but me — todos menos or excepto or salvo yo
the next street but one — la próxima calle no: la siguiente
there's nothing we can do but wait — no podemos hacer otra cosa sino esperar, lo único que podemos hacer es esperar
b)but for: but for them, we'd have lost everything — de no haber sido or si no hubiera sido por ellos, habríamos perdido todo
III
adverb (frml)
IV [bʌt]noun pero mno buts: come here at once! — no hay pero que valga, ven aquí inmediatamente!
-
14 secondary meaning
1) общ. другое [второе\] значение (слова, выражения и т. п.)2) марк., пат. альтернативное [вторичное\] значение (разговорное название товарного знака, возникающее в процессе его использования; может быть запатентовано наравне с первоначальным названием марки)Secondary meaning is generally acquired only after long-term exposure to the mark as a brand identifier, or else from extensive advertising. — Альтернативное значение появляется после продолжительного восприятия марки как идентификатора бренда, а иначе, после широкой рекламы.
Syn:Ant: -
15 PASS
1) Компьютерная техника: Print Analyzer Savings Solutions3) Американизм: Post Approval Surveillance System, Procurement Automated Source System, Proof Of Age Standards Scheme5) Военный термин: PACOM ADP Server Site, PACOM IPAC Intelligence Computer System Analyst Support System, Photo Interpretation Analyst Support System, parked aircraft sentry system, passive aircraft surveillance system, patrol advanced surveillance system, penetration aids/strike system, position and surveying system, precision angulation and support system, pressurized air start system, prototype artillery subsystem6) Техника: Personal Alert Safety System, post-accident sampling system, precision auto collimating solar sensor, programmed access/security system7) Юридический термин: Peer Assistance Support Scheme8) Статистика: Power Analysis and Sample Size9) Автомобильный термин: personalized automotive security system10) Грубое выражение: Polite And So Sexy11) Радио: Pressures Applications Solenoids Sensors12) Сокращение: Passive & Active Sensor Subsystem, Postal Application and Scheduling System (2001, employment test system), passage, passenger, Personal Access Satellite System (NASA)13) Университет: Patron Satisfaction Survey, Program And Semester Switch14) Физиология: Post Abortion Stress Syndrome15) Школьное выражение: Princeton Alternative Secondary School16) Экология: Programmable Atmospheric Sampling Control17) Образование: Parents Assuring Student Success, Partners At School Sharing, Partnership For Achieving Student Success, Peer Assisted Study Session, Practice Assessment Strengthen Skills, Preparatory Academic Skills For Students, Preventing Alcohol Sales To Students, Profile Of Achievement And School Success, Program For Academic Skills And Success, Program For Academic Student Success, Project Attendance For Secondary Schools, Pull Aim Squeeze And Sweep18) Должность: Professional Airways System Specialist19) НАСА: Primary Avionics Software System -
16 pass
1) Компьютерная техника: Print Analyzer Savings Solutions3) Американизм: Post Approval Surveillance System, Procurement Automated Source System, Proof Of Age Standards Scheme5) Военный термин: PACOM ADP Server Site, PACOM IPAC Intelligence Computer System Analyst Support System, Photo Interpretation Analyst Support System, parked aircraft sentry system, passive aircraft surveillance system, patrol advanced surveillance system, penetration aids/strike system, position and surveying system, precision angulation and support system, pressurized air start system, prototype artillery subsystem6) Техника: Personal Alert Safety System, post-accident sampling system, precision auto collimating solar sensor, programmed access/security system7) Юридический термин: Peer Assistance Support Scheme8) Статистика: Power Analysis and Sample Size9) Автомобильный термин: personalized automotive security system10) Грубое выражение: Polite And So Sexy11) Радио: Pressures Applications Solenoids Sensors12) Сокращение: Passive & Active Sensor Subsystem, Postal Application and Scheduling System (2001, employment test system), passage, passenger, Personal Access Satellite System (NASA)13) Университет: Patron Satisfaction Survey, Program And Semester Switch14) Физиология: Post Abortion Stress Syndrome15) Школьное выражение: Princeton Alternative Secondary School16) Экология: Programmable Atmospheric Sampling Control17) Образование: Parents Assuring Student Success, Partners At School Sharing, Partnership For Achieving Student Success, Peer Assisted Study Session, Practice Assessment Strengthen Skills, Preparatory Academic Skills For Students, Preventing Alcohol Sales To Students, Profile Of Achievement And School Success, Program For Academic Skills And Success, Program For Academic Student Success, Project Attendance For Secondary Schools, Pull Aim Squeeze And Sweep18) Должность: Professional Airways System Specialist19) НАСА: Primary Avionics Software System -
17 be
'bi: ɡi:( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingenieríabe vb1. serwhat time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las treswho is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo2. estarhow are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bienwhere is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?3. tenerhow old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años4. costar / valer / serhow much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una5. hacer6. haberhow many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentoswhat are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?look, it's snowing mira, está nevando
be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assertbetr[biː]intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)2 (essential quality) ser3 (nationality) ser4 (occupation) ser5 (origin) ser6 (ownership) ser7 (authorship) ser8 (composition) ser9 (use) ser10 (location) estar11 (temporary state) estar■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?12 (age) tener13 (price) costar, valer■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.5014 tener■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed1 (passive) ser■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro1 (obligation) deber, tener que1 (future)phrase there is / there are1 hay■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?1 había■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?1 habrá1 habría■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + infto be or not to be ser o no serbe ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] viJosé is a doctor: José es doctorI'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Anathe tree is tall: el árbol es altoyou're silly!: ¡eres tonto!she's from Managua: es de Managuait's mine: es míomy mother is at home: mi madre está en casathe cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesato be or not to be: ser, o no serI think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existohow are you?: ¿cómo estás?I'm cold: tengo fríoshe's 10 years old: tiene 10 añosthey're both sick: están enfermos los dosbe v impersit's eight o'clock: son las ochoit's Friday: hoy es viernesit's sunny: hace solit's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuerabe v auxwhat are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajandoit was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayerit was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el hornocan she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquíhe was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayerbev.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)• ser v.(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-imp: er-fu-•)biːˌ weak form bi
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
[biː] (present am, is or are pt was or were pp been)I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
1. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) (linking nouns, noun phrases, pronouns) serit's me! — ¡soy yo!
who wants to be Hamlet? — ¿quién quiere hacer de or ser Hamlet?
if I were you... — yo en tu lugar..., yo que tú... *
2) (possession) serUse [estar] with past participles used as adjectives describing the results of an action or process:it's round/enormous — es redondo/enorme
4) (changeable or temporary state) estarshe's bored/ill — está aburrida/enferma
how are you? — ¿cómo estás?, ¿qué tal estás?
how are you now? — ¿qué tal te encuentras ahora?
In certain expressions where English uses [be] + adjective to describe feelings ([be cold]/[hot]/[hungry]/[thirsty]), Spanish uses [tener] with a noun:I'm very well, thanks — estoy muy bien, gracias
I'm cold/hot — tengo frío/calor
I'm hungry/thirsty — tengo hambre/sed
afraid, sleepy, rightbe good! — ¡pórtate bien!
5) (age)"how old is she?" - "she's nine" — -¿cuántos años tiene? -tiene nueve años
6) (=take place) ser7) (=be situated) estarit's on the table — está sobre or en la mesa
where is the Town Hall? — ¿dónde está or queda el ayuntamiento?
it's 5 km to the village — el pueblo está or queda a 5 kilómetros
we've been here for ages — hace mucho tiempo que estamos aquí, llevamos aquí mucho tiempo, estamos aquí desde hace mucho tiempo
•
here you are(, take it) — aquí tienes(, tómalo)•
there's the church — ahí está la iglesiaa) (referring to weather) hacerit's hot/cold — hace calor/frío
b) (referring to time, date etc) serwake up, it's morning — despierta, es de día
what's the date (today)? — ¿qué fecha es hoy?
But note the following alternatives with [estar]:it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — es 3 de mayo
it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — estamos a 3 de mayo
c) (asking and giving opinion) seris it certain that...? — ¿es verdad or cierto que...?
is it fair that she should be punished while...? — ¿es justo que se la castigue mientras que...?
it is possible that he'll come — es posible que venga, puede (ser) que venga
it is unbelievable that... — es increíble que...
it's not clear whether... — no está claro si...
d) (emphatic) serwhy is it that she's so successful? — ¿cómo es que tiene tanto éxito?, ¿por qué tiene tanto éxito?
it was then that... — fue entonces cuando...
9) (=exist) haberthere is/are — hay
what is (there) in that room? — ¿qué hay en esa habitación?
is there anyone at home? — ¿hay alguien en casa?
there being no alternative solution... — al no haber or no habiendo otra solución...
let there be light! — ¡hágase la luz!
See:THERE IS, THERE ARE in there10) (=cost)how much was it? — ¿cuánto costó?
the book is £20 — el libro vale or cuesta 20 libras
how much is it? — ¿cuánto es?; (when paying) ¿qué le debo? frm
11) (=visit)has the postman been? — ¿ha venido el cartero?
have you ever been to Glasgow? — ¿has estado en Glasgow alguna vez?
12) (in noun compounds) futuro•
my wife to be — mi futura esposa•
been and * —you've been and done it now! — ¡buena la has hecho! *
that dog of yours has been and dug up my flowers! — ¡tu perro ha ido y me ha destrozado las flores!
•
you're busy enough as it is — estás bastante ocupado ya con lo que tienes, ya tienes suficiente trabajo•
if it hadn't been for..., if it hadn't been for you or frm had it not been for you, we would have lost — si no hubiera sido por ti or de no haber sido por ti, habríamos perdido•
let me be! — ¡déjame en paz!•
if that's what you want to do, then so be it — si eso es lo que quieres hacer, adelante•
what is it to you? * — ¿a ti qué te importa?2. AUXILIARY VERB1) (forming passive) serThe passive is not used as often in Spanish as in English, active and reflexive constructions often being preferred:it is said that... — dicen que..., se dice que...
she was killed in a car crash — murió en un accidente de coche, resultó muerta en un accidente de coche frm
what's to be done? — ¿qué hay que hacer?
•
it's a film not to be missed — es una película que no hay que perderse•
we searched everywhere for him, but he was nowhere to be seen — lo buscamos por todas partes pero no lo encontramos en ningún sitio2) (forming continuous) estarUse the present simple to talk about planned future events and the construction to talk about intention:what are you doing? — ¿qué estás haciendo?, ¿qué haces?
"it's a pity you aren't coming with us" - "but I am coming!" — -¡qué pena que no vengas con nosotros! -¡sí que voy!
will you be seeing her tomorrow? — ¿la verás or la vas a ver mañana?
will you be needing more? — ¿vas a necesitar más?
The imperfect tense can be used for continuous action in the past: for, sinceI'll be seeing you — hasta luego, nos vemos (esp LAm)
a)"he's going to complain about you" - "oh, is he?" — -va a quejarse de ti -¿ah, sí?
"I'm worried" - "so am I" — -estoy preocupado -yo también
"I'm not ready" - "neither am I" — -no estoy listo -yo tampoco
"you're tired" - "no, I'm not" — -estás cansado -no, ¡qué va!
"you're not eating enough" - "yes I am" — -no comes lo suficiente -que sí
"they're getting married" - "oh, are they?" — (showing surprise) -se casan -¿ah, sí? or -¡no me digas!
"he isn't very happy" - "oh, isn't he?" — -no está muy contento -¿ah, no?
"he's always late, isn't he?" - "yes, he is" — -siempre llega tarde, ¿verdad? -(pues) sí
"is it what you expected?" - "no, it isn't" — -¿es esto lo que esperabas? -(pues) no
"she's pretty" - "no, she isn't" — -es guapa -¡qué va!
he's handsome, isn't he? — es guapo, ¿verdad?, es guapo, ¿no?, es guapo, ¿no es cierto?
it was fun, wasn't it? — fue divertido, ¿verdad?, fue divertido, ¿no?
she wasn't happy, was she? — no era feliz, ¿verdad?
so he's back again, is he? — así que ha vuelto, ¿eh?
you're not ill, are you? — ¿no estarás enfermo?
3. MODAL VERB(with infinitive construction)1) (=must, have to)he's not to open it — no debe abrirlo, que no lo abra
I am to do it — he de hacerlo yo, soy yo el que debe hacerlo
I wasn't to tell you his name — no podía or debía decirte su nombre
2) (=should) deberam I to understand that...? — ¿debo entender que...?
she wrote "My Life", not to be confused with Bernstein's book of the same name — escribió "Mi Vida", que no debe confundirse con la obra de Bernstein que lleva el mismo título
he was to have come yesterday — tenía que or debía haber venido ayer
3) (=will)4) (=can)if it was or were to snow... — si nevase or nevara...
BEif I were to leave the job, would you replace me? — si yo dejara el puesto, ¿me sustituirías?
"Ser" or "estar"?
You can use "ser": ► when defining or identifying by linking two nouns or noun phrases:
Paris is the capital of France París es la capital de Francia
He was the most hated man in the village Era el hombre más odiado del pueblo ► to describe essential or inherent characteristics (e.g. colour, material, nationality, race, shape, size {etc}):
His mother is German Su madre es alemana
She was blonde Era rubia ► with most impersonal expressions not involving past participles:
It is important to be on time Es importante llegar a tiempo
Está claro que is an exception:
It is obvious you don't understand Está claro que no lo entiendes ► when telling the time or talking about time or age:
It is ten o'clock Son las diez
It's very late. Let's go home Es muy tarde. Vamos a casa
He lived in the country when he was young Vivió en el campo cuando era joven ► to indicate possession or duty:
It's mine Es mío
This is your responsibility Este asunto es responsabilidad tuya ► with events in the sense of "take place":
The 1992 Olympic Games were in Barcelona Los Juegos Olímpicos de 1992 fueron en Barcelona
"Where is the exam?" - "It's in Room 1" "¿Dónde es el examen?" - "Es en el Aula Número 1" NOTE: Compare this usage with that of estar (see below) to talk about location of places, objects and people.
You can use "estar": ► to talk about location of places, objects and people:
"Where is Zaragoza?" - "It's in Spain" "¿Dónde está Zaragoza?" - "Está en España"
Your glasses are on the bedside table Tus gafas están en la mesilla de noche NOTE: But use ser with events in the sense of "take place" (see above)}. ► to talk about changeable state, condition or mood:
The teacher is ill La profesora está enferma
The coffee's cold El café está frío
How happy I am! ¡Qué contento estoy! NOTE: Feliz, however, which is seen as more permanent than contento, is used mainly with ser. ► to form progressive tenses:
We're having lunch. Is it ok if I call you later? Estamos comiendo. Te llamaré luego, ¿vale?
Both "ser" and "estar" can be used with past participles ► Use ser in {passive} constructions:
This play was written by Lorca Esta obra fue escrita por Lorca
He was shot dead (by a terrorist group) Fue asesinado a tiros (por un grupo terrorista) NOTE: The passive is not used as often in Spanish as it is in English. ► Use estar with past participles to describe the {results} of a previous action or event:
We threw them away because they were broken Los tiramos a la basura porque estaban rotos
He's dead Está muerto ► Compare the use of ser + ((past participle)) which describes {action} and estar + ((past participle)) which describes {result} in the following:
The window was broken by the firemen La ventana fue rota por los bomberos
The window was broken La ventana estaba rota
It was painted around 1925 Fue pintado hacia 1925
The floor is painted a dark colour El suelo está pintado de color oscuro ► Ser and estar are both used in impersonal expressions with past participles. As above, the use of ser implies {action} while the use of estar implies {result}:
It is understood that the work was never finished Es sabido que el trabajo nunca se llegó a terminar
It is a proven fact that vaccinations save many lives Está demostrado que las vacunas salvan muchas vidas
"Ser" and "estar" with adjectives ► Some adjectives can be used with both ser and estar but the meaning changes completely depending on the verb:
He's clever Es listo
Are you ready? ¿Estás listo?
Chemistry is boring La química es aburrida
I'm bored Estoy aburrido ► Other adjectives can also be used with both verbs but the use of ser describes a {characteristic} while the use of estar implies a {change}:
He's very handsome Es muy guapo
You look great in that dress! Estás muy guapa con ese vestido
He's slim Es delgado
You're (looking) very slim ¡Estás muy delgada! For further uses and examples, see main entry* * *[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
-
18 embodiment
воплощение; осуществление; пример осуществления ( изобретения); модификация (напр. устройства); конструкция- alternative embodiment
- exemplary embodiment
- operative embodiment
- preferred embodiment* * *осуществление; пример осуществления (изобретения); конструкция -
19 embodiment
-
20 Question
1)you seen James? — Ты видел Джеймса?Would you like tea or coffee? — Чего вы хотите, чаю или кофе?
are you looking for? — Что ты ищешь?You said something, didn't you? — Ты что-то сказал, не так ли?
2)I asked you whether you preferred tea or coffee. — Я спросил, хочешь ли ты чаю или кофе.
you been to the Science Museum? — Разве ты не бывал в Политехническом музее?Yes, I have. — Да.
- 1
- 2
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